Waxtarka wax soo saarka iyo tayada filimka PVC-ga yar ayaa si toos ah u go'aamiya awoodda wax-soo-saarka ganacsiga, kharashyada, iyo tartanka suuqa. Hufnaanta hoose waxay keentaa awoodda luminta iyo dib u dhigista, halka cilladaha tayada leh (sida hoos u dhaca aan sinnayn iyo daahfurnaanta xun) ay keenaan cabashooyinka macaamiisha iyo soo noqoshada. Si loo gaaro horumarinta laba geesoodka ah ee "wax ku oolnimada sare + tayada sare leh," dadaallada nidaamsan ayaa looga baahan yahay afar qaybood oo muhiim ah: xakamaynta alaabta ceeriin, hagaajinta qalabka, hagaajinta habka, kormeerka tayada. Hoos waxaa ku yaal xalal gaar ah, oo la fulin karo:
Xakamaynta Isha: Dooro Walxaha Saxda ah ee Ceyriinka ah si loo yareeyo Waxsoosaarka Kadib "khatarta Dib u Shaqaynta"
Qalabka ceeriin ayaa ah aasaaska tayada iyo shardi u ah hufnaanta. Alaabta ceeriin ee liidata ama aan isku mid ahayn waxay sababtaa in wax soo saarka hakadyo joogto ah lagu sameeyo (tusaale, nadiifinta xannibaadaha, maaraynta qashinka), si toos ah u yareeya waxtarka. Diirada saar saddexda nooc ee aasaasiga ah ee alaabta ceeriin:
1.Resin PVC: Mudnaanta sii "Nadiif Sare + Noocyada Gaarka ah"
• Isbarbardhigga Qaabka:Dooro xabagta leh K-qiimaha habboon oo ku salaysan dhumucda filimka yaraaday. Aflaanta khafiifka ah (0.01-0.03 mm, tusaale, baakadaha cuntada), dooro resin leh K-qiimihiisu yahay 55-60 (dheecaan wanaagsan oo fudayd fudud). Aflaanta qaro weyn (0.05 mm+, tusaale, baakadaha palette), dooro resin leh K-qiimaha 60-65 (xoog sare iyo iska caabin jeexjeex ah). Tani waxay ka fogaanaysaa dhumucda filimka aan sinnayn ee ay keento dareeraha resin-ka oo liita.
• Xakamaynta Nadiifinta:Waxay u baahan tahay alaab-qeybiyeyaashu inay bixiyaan warbixinnada nadiifnimada xabagta, hubinta hadhaaga vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) ka kooban yahay <1 ppm iyo wasakh (tusaale, boodhka, polymers-ka hooseeya) waxa ku jira <0.1%. Najaasadu waxay xidhi kartaa bakhti-baxa waxayna abuurtaa godad godad leh, oo u baahan waqti dhimis dheeraad ah si loo nadiifiyo oo saameeya waxtarka.
2.Waxyaabaha lagu daro: Diirada saar "Waxqabad Sare, Waafaqid, iyo U Hogaansanaan"
• Dejinta:Ku beddel xasiliyayaasha cusbada rasaasta ee duugoobay (sunta oo u nugul huruudda).calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn)xasiliyayaal isku dhafan. Kuwani kaliya uma hoggaansamaan xeerarka sida EU REACH iyo Qorshaha Shanta Sano ee 14aad ee Shiinaha laakiin sidoo kale waxay xoojiyaan xasilloonida kulaylka. Heerkulka ka-baxa ee 170-200 ° C, waxay yareeyaan xaalufka PVC (ka hortagga jaalaha iyo jajabnaanta) waxayna hoos u dhigaan heerka qashinka 30%. Moodooyinka Ca-Zn ee leh "subricants-ku-dhisan," waxay sidoo kale yareeyaan is-jiidhka dhimista waxayna kordhiyaan xawaaraha extrusion 10-15%.
• caagadaha:Ka hormari DOTP (dioctyl terephthalate) marka loo eego DOP-dhaqameedka (dioctyl phthalate). DOTP waxay si fiican ula jaanqaadi kartaa xabagta PVC, taasoo yaraynaysa "exudates" oogada filimka (ka fogaanshaha duubista ku dhejinta iyo hagaajinta hufnaanta) iyadoo kor u qaadeysa isku-duubninimada (isbedelka heerka hoos u dhaca waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa ± 3%).
• baakadaha la isku qurxiyo)• Waxqabadka Waxqabadka:Aflaanta u baahan hufnaan (tusaale, baakadaha qurxinta), ku dar 0.5-1 phr oo caddayn ah (tusaale, sodium benzoate). Aflaanta bannaanka lagu isticmaalo (tusaale, baakadaha la isku qurxiyo), baakadaha qalabka beerta), ku dar 0.3-0.5 phr ee nuugeeyaha UV si looga hortago hurdi degdeg ah oo loo yareeyo qashinka la dhammeeyey.
3.Qalabka Kaaliyaha: Ka fogow "khasaaraha qarsoon"
Isticmaal khafiifiyeyaasha nadiifka sare ah (tusaale, xylene) oo leh qoyaan <0.1%. Qoyaanku wuxuu keenaa xumbo hawo ah inta lagu jiro extrusion, oo u baahan waqti dhimis si deg deg ah (luminta 10-15 daqiiqo dhacdo kasta).
• Markaad dib u warshadaynayso goynta geeskeeda, hubi in waxyaalaha wasakhaysan ee ku jira walxaha dib loo warshadeeyay ay yihiin <0.5% (lagu sifayn karo shaadhka 100-mesh) iyo saamiga walxaha dib loo warshadeeyay kama badna 20%. Waxyaabaha dib loo warshadeeyay ee xad-dhaafka ah waxay yareeyaan awoodda filimka iyo daahfurnaanta.
Hagaajinta Qalabka: Yaree "Waqtiga Hoos u dhaca" oo hagaaji " Saxnaanta Hawleed "
Xudunta waxtarka wax soo saarku waa "qalabka heerka hawlgalka waxtarka leh". Dayactirka ka-hortagga ah iyo hagaajinta otomaatiga ayaa loo baahan yahay si loo dhimo wakhtiga dhimista, iyadoo hagaajinta saxda ah ee qalabka ay hubinayso tayada.
1.Extruder: Xakamaynta Heerkulka Saxda ah + Nadiifinta Dhimashada Joogtada ah si looga fogaado "Xidhiidhada iyo Jaallaha"
• Xakamaynta heerkulka qaybsan:Iyada oo ku saleysan sifooyinka dhalaalka ee PVC-ga, u kala qaybi foosto extruder-ka 3-4 aagagga heerkulka: aagga quudinta (140-160 ° C, resin preheating), aagga cadaadiska (170-180 ° C, resin dhalaalay), aagga cabbirka (180-200 ° C, xasilinta dhalaalka), oo u dhinta madaxa (175-195 ° C) Isticmaal nidaamka xakamaynta heerkulka caqliga leh (tusaale, PLC + thermocouple) si aad u ilaaliso isbedbedelka heerkulka gudaha ±2°C. Heerkulka xad-dhaafka ah wuxuu keenaa hurdi-beelka PVC, halka heerkulku aanu ku filnayn uu keeno dhalaalid resin-ka oo aan dhamaystirnayn iyo cilladaha "Isha-kalluunka" (oo u baahan waqti dhimis si loo hagaajiyo).
• Nadiifinta Geerida Joogtada ah:Ka nadiifi walxaha kaarboonaysan ee haraaga ah (alaabada wasakhaysan PVC) madaxa dhinta 8-12 saacadood kasta (ama inta lagu jiro isbeddelka walxaha) adoo isticmaalaya buraash naxaas ah oo go'an (si looga fogaado in la xoqo dibnaha dhinta). Aagagga dhintay, isticmaal nadiifiyaha ultrasonic (30 daqiiqo wareeggiiba). Walxaha kaarboonaysan ayaa keena dhibco madow filimka, oo u baahan in qashinka lagu kala saaro oo hoos loo dhigo waxtarka.
2.Nidaamka qaboojinta: Qaboojinta lebbiska si loo hubiyo "Filimka Filaanshaha + Labbis La'aanta"
• Qalabaynta Qaboojinta:Cabbiree isbarbardhigga saddexda duub ee qaboojinta bishiiba adigoo isticmaalaya heerka laysarka (dulqaadka <0.1 mm). Isla mar ahaantaana, isticmaal heerkulbeegga infrared-ka si aad ula socoto heerkulka korka duuban (lagu xakameeyo 20-25 ° C, farqiga heerkulka <1°C). Heerkulka duudduuban ee aan sinnayn wuxuu keenaa heerar qaboojin oo aan iswaafaqayn, taasoo horseedaysa kala duwanaanshiyaha hoos u dhaca (tusaale, 50% hoos u dhaca hal dhinac iyo 60% dhinaca kale) oo u baahan dib-u-shaqayn alaabta la dhammeeyey.
• Hagaajinta giraanta hawada:Habka filimka la afuufay (oo loo isticmaalo qaar ka mid ah filimada khafiifka ah ee khafiifka ah), hagaaji isku-duubnaanta hawada giraanta hawada. Isticmaal anemometer si aad u hubiso farqiga xawaaraha dabaysha ee jihada wareeg ee giraanta hawadu waa <0.5 m/s. Xawaaraha dabaysha oo aan sinnayn ayaa khalkhal gelisa xumbada filimka, taasoo keenaysa "qalafsanaanta dhumucda" iyo kordhinta qashinka.
3.Dib u warshadaynta dabaysha iyo cidhifka: Automation-ku wuxuu yareeyaa "faragelinta gacanta"
• Winder Toos ah:U beddel winder leh "xakamaynta xiisadda xidh-xidhan". Hagaajin xiisadda dabaylaha wakhtiga dhabta ah (ku dhejin ku salaysan dhumucda filimka: 5-8 N ee filimada khafiifka ah, 10-15 N ee filimada qaro weyn) si aad uga fogaato "dabaysha dabacsan" (oo u baahan dib u soo celinta gacanta) ama "dabaysha adag" (sababta fidinta filimka iyo qallafsanaanta). Waxtarka dabaysha ayaa kordhay 20%.
• Dib u warshadaynta xoqitaanka degdega ah ee goobta:Ku rakib "nidaamka isku dhafan ee quudinta burburinta cidhifka" ee ku xiga mashiinka wax lagu gooyo. Isla markiiba jebi gooynta cidhifka ah (5-10 mm ballac ahaan) ee soo baxay inta lagu jiro jeexjeexa oo dib ugu celi hopper-ka-baxa iyada oo la sii marayo dhuumaha (ku dar walxaha cusub ee saamiga 1:4). Heerka dib-u-warshadaynta cidhifku waxay ka korodhaa 60% ilaa 90%, yaraynta qashinka alaabta ceeriin iyo baabi'inta wakhtiga luminta maaraynta qashinka gacanta.
Habraaca Sifaynta: Sifee "Kontoroolka Xadka" si aad uga fogaato "Ciladaha la Duubay"
Kala duwanaanshaha yar yar ee cabbiraadaha geeddi-socodka waxay u horseedi karaan kala duwanaansho tayo leh, xitaa qalab isku mid ah iyo alaabta ceeriin. Samee "miisaska halbeegga cabbiraadda" ee saddexda habraac ee asaasiga ah - saarista, qaboojinta, iyo dildilaaca - oo la soco hagaajinta wakhtiga dhabta ah.
1.Habka Extrusion: Xakamaynta "cadaadiska dhalaalay + Xawaaraha Bixinta"
• Cadaadis dhalaal: Isticmaal dareemaha cadaadiska si aad ula socoto cadaadiska dhalaalka ee godka dhinta (lagu xakameeyo 15-25 MPa). Cadaadiska xad dhaafka ah (30 MPa) wuxuu keenaa daadinta dhimashada wuxuuna u baahan yahay waqti dhimis ah dayactirka; Cadaadis aan ku filnayn (10 MPa) waxay keentaa dareere dhalaalid liidata iyo dhumucda filimka aan sinnayn.
Xawaaraha Bixinta: Deji iyadoo lagu saleynayo dhumucda filimka-20-25 m/min filimada khafiifka ah (0.02 mm) iyo 12-15 m/min filimada qaro weyn (0.05 mm). Ka fogow "kala bixin xad dhaaf ah" (yaraynta xoogga filimka) oo ay sababto xawli sare ama "khashinka awoodda" ee xawaaraha hooseeya.
2.Habka qaboojinta: Hagaajin "Waqtiga qaboojinta + heerkulka hawada"
• Waqtiga qaboojinta: Ku xakamee wakhtiga daganaanshaha filimka ee duubabka qaboojinta 0.5-1 ilbiriqsi (oo lagu gaaro hagaajinta xawaaraha jiidashada) ka dib marka laga saaro dhimashada. Waqtiga deganaanshaha oo aan ku filnayn (<0.3 seconds) waxay keenaysaa qaboojinta filimka aan dhamaystirnayn iyo ku dhegganaanta xilliga dabaylaha; wakhtiga xad dhaafka ah ee deganaanshaha (> 1.5 ilbiriqsi) waxay sababtaa "dhibcaha biyaha" oogada filimka (yaraynta daahfurnaanta).
• Heerkulka giraanta hawada: habka filimka la afuufay, deji heerkulka giraanta hawada 5-10°C oo ka sarreeya heerkulka deegaanka (tusaale, 30-35°C ee 25°C ambient). Ka fogow "qaboojinta degdega ah" (oo keenaysa diiqad sare oo gudaha ah iyo jeexid fudud inta lagu jiro hoos u dhaca) hawo qabow oo si toos ah ugu afuufaysa xumbo filimka.
3.Habka Goynta: Sax ah "Dejinta Balaadhka + Xakamaynta Xiisadda"
Balaadhka jeexjeexa: Isticmaal habka hagaha cidhifka indhaha si aad u xakamayso saxnaanta jeexjeexyada, hubinta dulqaadka ballaca <±0.5 mm (tusaale, 499.5-500.5 mm ballaca macmiilku u baahan yahay ee 500 mm). Ka fogow soo celinta macmiilka ee ay sababto weecsanaanta ballaca.
• Xiisaha Goynta: Isku hagaajin ku salaysan dhumucda filimka-3-5 N ee filimada khafiifka ah iyo 8-10 N ee filimada qaro weyn. Xiisadda xad-dhaafka ah waxay sababtaa fidinta filimka iyo qallafsanaanta (yaraynta heerka dhimista); xiisad aan ku filnayn waxay keentaa duubo filim dabacsan (u nugul dhaawaca inta lagu jiro gaadiidka).
Kormeerka Tayada: "La socodka-Waqtiga Dhabta ah ee khadka tooska ah + Xaqiijinta Muunaynta Khadka Tooska ah" si loo baabi'iyo "Wax-qabad la'aanta Batched"
Helitaanka cilladaha tayada leh oo keliya marxaladda alaabada la dhammeeyey waxay keenaysaa xoqid buuxda (luminta waxtarka iyo kharashka labadaba). Samee "nidaamka kormeerka hab-socodka buuxa":
1.Kormeerka khadka tooska ah: Kahortagga "ciladaha degdega ah" waqtiga dhabta ah
• Kormeerka dhumucda:Ku rakib qiyaasta dhumucda laysarka ka dib duubista qaboojinta si aad u cabbirto dhumucda filimka 0.5 ilbiriqsi kasta. Deji "xaddiga digniinta leexinta" (tusaale, ± 0.002 mm). Haddii xadkii la dhaafo, nidaamku wuxuu si toos ah u hagaajiyaa xawaaraha extrusion ama farqiga u dhinta si looga fogaado soo saarista joogtada ah ee alaabooyinka aan waafaqsanayn.
• Kormeerka Muuqda:Isticmaal nidaamka aragga mashiinka si aad u sawirto oogada filimka, adigoo garanaya cilladaha sida "dhibcaha madow, godad fiiqan, iyo dillaac" (sax 0.1 mm). Nidaamku wuxuu si toos ah u calaamadeeyaa meelaha cilladaysan iyo qaylo-dhaanta, taasoo u oggolaanaysa hawl-wadeennada inay si degdeg ah u joojiyaan wax-soo-saarka (tusaale, nadiifinta dhinta, hagaajinta giraanta hawada) oo ay yareeyaan qashinka.
2.Kormeerka qadla'aanta: Xaqiiji "waxqabadka muhiimka ah"
Tusaalaha liiska duuban ee dhammaatay 2dii saacadoodba oo tijaabi saddex tilmaame oo muhim ah:
• Heerka dhimista:Iska yaree shaybaarada 10 cm × 10 cm, ku kululee foornada 150C foornada 30 ilbiriqsi, oo cabbir dhimista jihada mashiinka (MD) iyo jihada leexsan (TD). Waxay u baahan tahay 50-70% dhimis MD iyo 40-60% TD. Hagaaji saamiga balaastiigga ama heerkulka extrusion haddii leexashadu ka badato ± 5%.
• Hufnaan:Ku tijaabi mitir haze, oo u baahan cidhiidhi <5% (filimaadka hufan). Haddii ceecuu ka bato heerka caadiga ah, hubi nadiifnimada resin ama kala firdhisanaanta xasiliyaha.
• Xoogga Jilitaanka:Ku tijaabi mashiinka tijaabinta xajinta, una baahan xoogga xajinta dhererka ≥20 MPa iyo xoogga xajinta ≥18 MPa. Haddii xooggu ku filnaado, hagaajin resin K-qiimaha ama ku dar antioxidants.
"Logic Synergistic" ee Hufnaanta iyo Tayada
Hagaajinta wax-ku-oolnimada wax-soo-saarka filim-soo-saarka PVC-ga waxay diiradda saaraysaa "yaraynta wakhtiga dhimista iyo qashinka," taas oo lagu gaaro la qabsiga alaabta ceeriin, hagaajinta qalabka, iyo casriyeynta otomatiga. Kobcinta xarumaha tayada ee "xakamaynta isbedbedelka iyo cilladaha ka hortagga," oo ay taageerayaan hagaajinta habka iyo kormeerka hab-buuxa. Labadu ma aha kuwo is khilaafaya: tusaale ahaan, doorashada wax-ku-oolnimada sareCa-Zn xasiliyayaashawaxay yaraynaysaa hoos u dhaca PVC (tayada hagaajinta) waxayna kordhisaa xawaaraha extrusion (kor u qaadista waxtarka); Nidaamyada kormeerka onlaynka ah waxay ka hortagaan cilladaha (hubinta tayada) oo iska ilaali qashinka dufcada (yaraynta khasaaraha waxtarka leh).
Shirkaduhu waxay u baahan yihiin inay ka beddelaan "hal-dhibcood tayaynta" una beddelaan "kor u qaadis nidaamsan," isku dhafka alaabta ceeriin, qalabka, hababka, iyo shaqaalaha oo loo dhigo wareeg xiran. Tani waxay awood u siinaysaa gaaritaanka yoolalka sida "20% awoodda wax-soo-saarka sare, 30% heerka qashinka hoose, iyo <1% heerka soo celinta macaamiisha," samaynta gees tartan ah suuqa filimada ee PVC.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-05-2025